Claviro

Networks Foundation

Topologies + Core Components

Topologies + Core Components

Learn bus, star, ring, mesh and practical roles of router, switch, hub, and bridge.

Beginner Level

Understand how network layout and components impact performance and fault tolerance.

Click the numbered markers on each diagram to explore the concept step by step.

Why This Matters

Topology controls resilience, performance, and failure impact in real infrastructure.

Confusion Busters

Common confusion: Switch vs Router

Fix: Switch forwards frames inside LAN (L2); router forwards packets between networks (L3).

Common confusion: Hub vs Switch

Fix: Hub broadcasts to all; switch forwards to destination MAC.

Topologies

  • ▸Bus: simple but weak fault isolation.
  • ▸Star: central switch design used widely in offices.
  • ▸Ring/Mesh: controlled flow and high redundancy patterns.

Topology Types

Bus

Star

Ring

Mesh

Topology Builder Lab

Topology Challenge

Identify the generated topology. You will get correct/wrong feedback.

Router, Switch, Hub, Bridge

  • ▸Router routes between networks.
  • ▸Switch forwards frames using MAC table.
  • ▸Hub broadcasts to all ports; Bridge joins/filter segments.

Device Roles in a Network

PC-1
PC-2
→
Switch
→
Router
→
Internet